What Is Paper Chromatography Types And Apllication

paper chromatography image

Paper chromatography

It is a technique for separating chemical substances on the basis of their different rate of migration across sheet of paper this technique is regarded as liquid liquid chromatography in paper chromatography the stationary phase is filter paper and mobile phase is liquid

 

History of paper chromatography 

The paper Chromatography was introduced by Martin and change in the late 1940 in England.Martin research group develop this first micro analytical chromatography it was developed to analyse structure of proteins for which Martin and synge receive the prestigious Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1952 principle of paper chromatography the principle involved in paper chromatography is partition .It means the and light mixture is partition between two immiscible liquids in which one liquid is stationary phase and another liquid is mobile phase

In Chromatography the paper is made up of cellulose which consist of hydroxyl group the hydroxyl group in the cellulose are responsible for hydrogen bonding of water the setup contributes 6% weight of paper

Techniques

There are two different techniques involved in paper chromatography 

• paper partition chromatography
• paper adsorption chromatography 

 

paper partition chromatography 

This is widely used technique in which the paper is used as stationary phase in which no modification has been made the paper such as used for separation of mixture the principle involved in this technique is partition the annelids are partition between solvent and held in the filter paper and solvent in the mobile Phase  thus separated.

 

Paper adsorption chromatography 

This is a modified version of paper chromatography the modified paper such as paper integrated with silica Alumina specially treated paper is used instead of regular paper this technique follows adsorption as a principle rather than partition as the accepted power of stationary phase

 

Steps involved in chromatography 

1. selection of suitable type of development 
2. selection of suitable filter paper 
3. preparation of sample 
4. spotting of sample on the paper 
5. development of chromatogram 
6. drying of the paper and detection of the compound

Development techniques of chromatography 

There are different development techniques are used in paper chromatography as per the development techniques name as follows 

1. Ascending chromatography 
2. Descending chromatography 
3. circular or radial chromatography
4. two dimensional chromatography  
5. multi Or N dimensional chromatography

Types of chromatography paper 

• Whatman chromatography paper 
• P81 strong cation paper 
• SG81 non-charged Silica Gel cellulose paper
• D81 weak anion paper

 

Application of paper chromatography 

• It is used for study of structure of Steroids 
• paper chromatography is used as analytical chemistry techniques for identifying and separating coloured mixture like pigment 
• In forensic studies paper chromatography is used in Crime scene investigation and DNA and RNA Sequencing along with others studies 
• separated compound can be recovered by cutting the spot, resolving in suitable solvent and evaporating the solvent  
• among the all chromatography method chromatography is an inexpensive and Rapid method that provide reliable result it is used in qualitative method for identifying the component in mixture 
• It is widely used for separation of iron separation of amino acid in addition to two qualitative analysis the quantitative estimation of an acid such as glutamic acid aspartic acid glycine and alanine can be performed

 Conclusion

• It is a technique for separating chemical substances on the basis of their different rate of migration across sheet of paper

• chromatography it was developed to analyse structure of proteins 

• two different techniques involved in paper chromatography first one paper partition chromatography second paper adsorption chromatography  

•  In Chromatography the paper is made up of cellulose which consist of hydroxyl group the hydroxyl group in the Solar cellulose are responsible for hydrogen bonding of water